Kalit so‘zlar
Iqtibos keltirish tartibi
Annotatsiya
Kirish. Maqolada past kuchlanishli taqsimlash tarmoqlari sharoitida ishlaydigan kichik quvvatli tarmoqqa ulangan quyosh fotoelektr stansiyalarining (QFES) ekspluatatsion barqarorligini sababga yo‘naltirilgan baholash modeli taklif etilgan. Tadqiqotning ilmiy g‘oyasi shundan iboratki, QFESning haqiqiy ishga tayyor emaslik holati yagona integral to‘xtab qolish sifatida emas, balki quyosh generatsiyasi, mahalliy yuklama, ulanish nuqtasi parametrlari, tarmoq cheklovlari hamda invertorning himoya logikasi o‘zaro ta’sirining natijasi sifatida qaraladi.
Usul va materiallar. Gibrid fizik-statistik model ishlab chiqilgan bo‘lib, unda stansiya holati barqarorlik ko‘rsatkichi KD(t) bilan tavsiflanadi. Yillik barqarorlik KDyil, quyosh radiatsiyasi potensiali barqarorligi KDquy, tarmoqqa bog‘liq barqarorlik KDtar va uskunalarga bog‘liq barqarorlik KDob yagona hisoblash sxemasining xususiy hollari sifatida taqdim etilgan. Model 2024 yil davomida Navoiy viloyati Xatirchi tumanidagi 10 kVt quvvatli QFESning yillik monitoring ma’lumotlari asosida tadqiq qilingan.
Natijalar. Umumiy davomiyligi 306,5 soat bo‘lgan 613 ta himoya maqsadidagi o‘chish qayd etildi; yillik barqarorlik 96,51%, 2900 soatlik quyosh radiatsiyasi bo‘yicha barqarorlik esa 89,43% ni tashkil etdi. 433 ta hodisa yoki 70,6% past kuchlanishli tarmoqdagi kuchlanishning oshib ketishi bilan bog‘liq ekanligi aniqlandi. KDkal (r) va KDquy (r) ning kuchlanish oshishi bo‘yicha o‘chishlarni kamaytirish ulushi r ga bog‘liqligi taklif etildi; ushbu guruhdagi hodisalarni 50-75% ga kamaytirish KDquy ni 93,16-95,03% gacha oshirishi ko‘rsatildi. Verifikatsiya ikki darajada amalga oshirildi: mahalliy – Xatirchi tumanidagi bir xil turdagi beshta QFESda va mintaqalararo – O‘zbekistonning turli hududlaridagi beshta 10 kV quvvatli stansiyada.
Xulosa. Maqsadli funksiya, barqaror ekspluatatsiya uchun chegaraviy shartlar va ekspluatatsion energetik audit algoritmi shakllantirildi. Taklif etilgan yondashuv o‘chishlarni qayd etishdan mavjud emaslikning fizik sabablarini diagnostika qilishga va texnik asoslangan tadbirlarni tanlashga o‘tish imkonini beradi.
Adabiyotlar ro‘yxati
[1]. Avezova N.R., Rakhimov E.Y., Matchanov N.A., Dalmuradova N.N., Khakimov M.A., Dehkonova M.Kh. Assessment of solar energy potential of Kashkadarya region // International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology. – 2022. – No. 1. – Pp. 18–30.
[2]. Avezova N.R., Samiev K.A., Mirzabaev A.M. et al. Energy-efficient windows for passive buildings // Applied Solar Energy. – 2025. – Vol. 61. – Pp. 35–46.
[3]. Avezova N.R., Shoguchkarov S.K., Kudratov A.R. Criteria of stability and reliability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems: methodology of assessment and practical application // Problems of Informatics and Energy. – 2024. – No. 4. – Pp. 56–70.
[4]. Avezova N.R., Shoguchkarov S.K., Kudratov A.R. Reliability of renewable-energy installation equipment // Problems of Energy and Resource Saving. – 2024. – Special Issue No. 87. – Pp. 378–385.
[5]. Bollen M.H.J. Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage Sags and Interruptions. – New York: IEEE Press, 2000. – 541 p.
[6]. CENELEC. EN 50549-1:2019. Requirements for Generating Plants to be Connected in Parallel with Distribution Networks – Part 1: Connection to a LV Distribution Network – Generating Plants up to and Including Type B. – Brussels: European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization, 2019.
[7]. CENELEC. EN 50160:2022. Voltage Characteristics of Electricity Supplied by Public Electricity Networks. – Brussels: European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization, 2022.
[8]. Ding F., Mather B., Gotseff P., Koralewicz P., Nagarajan A. Photovoltaic impact assessment of smart inverter Volt-VAR control on distribution system conservation voltage reduction and power quality. – Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2016.
[9]. IEA PVPS. Guidelines for Operation and Maintenance of Photovoltaic Power Plants in Different Climates. Report IEA-PVPS T13-25:2022. – Paris: International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme, 2022.
[10]. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE Std 1547-2018: IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces. – New York: IEEE, 2018.
[11]. International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC 60050-192:2015. International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 192: Dependability. – Geneva: IEC, 2015.
[12]. International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC 60812:2018. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA and FMECA). – Geneva: IEC, 2018.
[13]. International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC TS 63019:2019. Photovoltaic Power Systems (PVPS) – Information Model for Availability. – Geneva: IEC, 2019.
[14]. International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC 61724-1:2021. Photovoltaic System Performance – Part 1: Monitoring. – Geneva: IEC, 2021.
[15]. International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC TS 63265:2022. Photovoltaic Power Systems – Reliability Practices for Operation. – Geneva: IEC, 2022.
[16]. Kersting W.H. Distribution System Modeling and Analysis. 3rd ed. – Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2012.
[17]. Kudratov A.R. Modern approaches to assessing operational stability of small-scale grid-connected photovoltaic stations // Yashil iqtisodiyot va taraqqiyot. – 2025. – No. 12. – Pp. 766–774.
[18]. Mahmud R., Koralewicz P., Hoke A. Experimental analysis of distribution network voltage regulation using smart inverter functions. – Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2023.
[19]. Miner J.G. Voltage Regulation Operational Strategies Using Smart Inverter Functions. – Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2017.
[20]. Narang D., Palmintier B., Hoke A. Highlights of IEEE Standard 1547-2018. – Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2019.
Ushbu asar Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Xalqaro Litsenziyasi asosida litsenziyalangan.
Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Avezova, N.R., Shog‘o‘chqorov, S.Q., Qulmatov, H.H., Qudratov, A.R., Raxmatov, A.R., Siddiqov, X.Z. (Muallif)