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Annotatsiya
Annotatsiya. Kirish. Jahonda qayta tiklanuvchi energiya manbalaridan samarali foydalanish, ekologik toza elektr energiyasi ishlab chiqarishni rivojlantirish hamda mikro gidroelektr stansiyalarining samaradorligini oshirish dolzarb masalalardan biri hisoblanadi. Kichik napor va o‘zgaruvchan ish rejimlarida keng qo‘llaniladigan ko‘ndalang oqimli (Banki) gidroturbinalarning energiya samaradorligini oshirishda parrak shakli geometriyasini takomillashtirish muhim ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
Usullar va materiallar. Tadqiqotda ko‘ndalang oqimli gidroturbinaning tekis, yumaloq, o‘tkir va aerodinamik parrak shakllari ANSYS Fluent dasturida ikki o‘lchamli (2D) Hisoblash Suyuqliklar Dinamikasi (CFD) usuli yordamida modellashtirildi. Oqimning ajralishi, qayta aylanishi va turbulentlik hodisalarini aniqlash uchun Shear Stress Transport (SST) k–ω turbulensiya modeli qo‘llanildi. Hisoblashlar 10 m doimiy napor sharoitida ishchi g‘ildirakning 270-940 rpmaylanish tezliklari oralig‘ida bajarildi hamda aylantiruvchi moment, gidravlik foydali ish koeffitsiyenti, suvning hajm ulushi, bosim taqsimoti va tezlik maydoni tahlil qilindi.
Natijalar. Hisoblash natijalari aerodinamik parrak shaklining boshqa konfiguratsiyalarga nisbatan yuqori gidravlik samaradorlikni ta’minlashini ko‘rsatdi. Ishchi g‘ildirakning 800 rpmaylanish tezligida maksimal foydali ish koeffitsiyenti 83,5 % ga erishildi. Oqimning parrak yuzasiga yaxshiroq yopishishi, girdoblarning kamayishi va chiqish qismidagi bosim yo‘qotishlarining pasayishi samaradorlikning oshishiga sabab bo‘ldi. O‘tkir parrak shakli ma’lum optimal aylanish tezliklari oralig‘ida yuqori natija ko‘rsatgan bo‘lsa, tekis va yumaloq parraklarda turbulentlik hamda qayta aylanish zonalari sezilarli darajada ortishi kuzatildi.
Xulosa. Tadqiqot natijalari ko‘ndalang oqimli gidroturbinalarning gidravlik samaradorligi parrak shakli geometriyasiga bevosita bog'liqligini ko‘rsatdi. Aerodinamik shakl oqim beqarorligini kamaytirib, energiyaning ikki bosqichli almashinuvi jarayonida yuqori samaradorlikni ta’minlashi aniqlandi. CFD modellashtirish usuli Banki gidroturbinalarini loyihalash va optimallashtirishda ishonchli vosita ekanligi tasdiqlandi hamda olingan natijalar mikro gidroelektr stansiyalarida qo‘llaniladigan yuqori samaradorlikka ega gidroturbinalarni yaratish uchun muhim ilmiy-amaliy asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.
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Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Safarov, A.B., Pirimov, R.R., Nematov, B.N., Choriyev, A.I. (Muallif)