STAGES IN THE FORMATION OF THE GREEN ECONOMY CONCEPT: A TYPOLOGY OF THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND THEIR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Abstract

This study examines the formation and evolution of the green economy concept from theoretical and institutional perspectives. Existing international and national periodization models are critically compared to identify their methodological limitations. The research employs comparative analysis, content analysis, historical-chronological analysis, and a systems approach. Based on these methods, a new four-stage periodization model is proposed, in which each stage is linked to internationally recognized historical events and official policy documents. In addition, the definitions of the green economy developed by the OECD, UNEP, the World Bank, and leading scholars are comparatively analyzed, resulting in an integrated authorial definition that incorporates ecological sustainability, economic efficiency, social equity, innovation, and long-term regional development. The findings contribute to strengthening the theoretical foundations of the green economy and provide a methodological framework for future studies on regional economic security and green transformation, particularly in developing and transition economies.